How Google Ranks Websites: A Beginner’s Guide

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Google uses a complex algorithm made up of hundreds of ranking factors to decide which web pages should appear first in search results. Here’s how it works step by step:

🔍 1. Crawling

Google uses bots (spiders) to discover new or updated content on the web by "crawling" websites.

  • It follows links from one page to another.

  • Sites with clear structure and sitemaps are crawled more easily.



🗂️ 2. Indexing

Once crawled, Google tries to understand and store the content.

  • It analyzes text, images, meta tags, etc.

  • Indexed pages are stored in Google's vast database.

⚙️ 3. Ranking

When someone searches on Google, the algorithm ranks the indexed pages using hundreds of factors, such as:

FactorDescription
🔑 RelevanceDoes the content match the user’s search intent?
🎯 KeywordsAre the target keywords used naturally and effectively?
🧠 User ExperienceIs the site easy to navigate, fast, and mobile-friendly?
🔗 BacklinksDoes the site have quality links from other trusted websites?
🕒 FreshnessIs the content recently updated or still relevant?
🗺️ Location & PersonalizationBased on the user's location or previous activity.

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